Transylvanian dance music is an exceptionally rich and complex part of European traditional culture, a classic example of regional interethnic affinities, and a source of inspiration for folklore movements worldwide. Transylvanian-born István Pávai assesses that multifaceted heritage from the perspective of the Hungarian communities, but with constant reference to Romanians, Roms, and other ethnic groups. The monograph includes such aspects as the notion of folk dance music; the impact of different technical means, scholarly concepts, and communicative strategies on fieldwork-based knowledge; social roles and ethnicity; the use of instruments and instrumental ensembles; rhythmic, melodic, and harmonic aspects of dance accompaniment.